Biodiversity and Health

The United Nations declared 2010 the "International Year of Biodiversity." We naturally are very gratified that this subject has been given such prominence, since the conservation of rainforest biodiversity has been a primary goal of the Amazon Conservation Team since our founding 15 years ago.

One of the most unique, creative, and passionate experts on the subject of biodiversity is physician Christopher Herndon, a longtime friend and ACT colleague. Chris received his medical training at Yale and Harvard and from the shamans of the northern Amazon – the latter he is quick to cite as particularly formative to his development as a physician and his understanding of healing.

Chris recently teamed up with another leading spokesman for conservation – journalist Rhett Butler, who publishes the extraordinary website www.mongabay.com – to pen a commentary for the influential journal Biotropica. Read the full article here. I think you will find it both insightful and informative.

Mark J. Plotkin, Ph.D.  

President, Amazon Conservation Team

Brazilian Independence Day

September 7 represents Brazilian Independence Day and also the date (in 1969) when the Surui Indians left the forest for the first time and made contact with the outside world. Surui
Chief Almir says that on the date that
marks Brazilian Independence, the Surui lost theirs.

In 2009, to mark 40 years of contact, the Surui were invited for the first time to participate in the traditional Independence Day Parade in Cacoal. Considered a success by all, they were invited back to the 2010 festivities.  The mayor had t-shirts printed marking 41 years of contact, and more than 250 Surui – outfitted in traditional dress – participated in the parade. Both elderly and Surui children participated in force demonstrating different aspects of their culture and history. The last visions of Surui in traditional dress walking the streets of Cacoal are from 40 years ago.

I’ve included a few pictures of the Surui surrounding the mayor of Cacoal and handing him tree saplings from their reforestation project as well as the Surui map of their territory. The mayor raised both items high and praised the Surui for their strength and contributions. This is truly remarkable considering Cacoal has an economy dependent, in many ways, on illegal logging; and that only five years ago, Almir had to flee the region because of his work to stop the illegal logging of the Surui territory.

Like the first Diahui traditional festival, this is a very visual and concrete example of indigenous peoples taking control of their own destiny, changing their fate, and demonstrating that they can thrive.

ACT and its partners are at the heart of many of these results.

Vasco van Roosmalen
ACT Brazil Program Director

Colombia Women's Programs

Editor’s Note: As Vice President of Programs, Liliana assists ACT’s in-country colleagues. As part of that role, she helps cultivate women’s programs that build esteem and advance human rights among women across Amazonia. In this post, Liliana describes her experience at a recent women’s gathering organized by the Union of Women Healers (ASOMI) of the eastern Andean Amazon.

My trips to Colombia are generally very short, never enough time to really visit projects, sit for unscheduled chats over “tintos” (small cups of freshly brewed Colombian coffee), that can go several hours. This summer, determined to share a bit of my work with my daughter Annie, and our friends Stephanie and Hannah Dodson, we set out to the Valle de Sibundoy – a lovely highland region where ACT has projects. We focused on the work of ASOMI – a group of indigenous women – all either shamans, healers or simply really wise old ladies, who are struggling to strengthen their families, communities, and traditional medicine. A small component includes their “chagras” – small gardens where they grow their medicine and nourishment. Nothing is more important to them since they derive so much for their overall physical, emotional, and spiritual health. ACT’s support helps them with the very basics so they can continue to keep that which means so much. I don’t think there is a need for a translation of mama Carmencita explaining why the chagra is so important – is her joy contagious or what?

- Liliana Madrigal
Amazon Conservation Team
VP of Programs

Amazon Rainforest: "The World's Heart"

Editor's Note: Dr. Sara Bennett is a biologist who leads a small NGO, Maikuchiga, in Colombia’s Amacayacu National Park that operates a rescue center for orphaned animals. The Park, in the nation’s Amazonas state, is traversed by the Amazon River. This post is one in a series from Dr. Bennett. Post originally developed May 5, 2010.

After the epic battle with the bees, the toucans seem not to be nesting this year.

It’s always trickier perceptually to notice an absence than a presence, something NOT happening that’s part of one’s peripheral normalness. I finally twigged on this, and after registering my own observation and confirming it with the guys, then noticing that I’m disappointed, began to wonder in background mode, How come?

On the front porch, holding Rosie, the long-tailed, adolescent spider monkey (who is really a little too big for this but didn’t have enough hugs earlier in her life so we’re doing some catch-up), a nice soft, wiggly solidness centering the universe for a moment in my arms, I was aware as well of all the colors of the early morning forest around us.

It’s usually hard to see the trees because of the forest here, but lots of species have new leaves right now and for a few days each one is distinct in hue and overall effect (it’s lovely, thank you world, nicely done). Then I suddenly get what’s going on with the toucans. This year it’s about new leaves, not fruit.

Traditional Diahui Festival

Traditional Diahui Festival

Like the Kaxuyana of northern Brazil and the communities of the Middle Rio Negro region, the Diahui people of the western Brazilian Amazon built a central maloca (roundhouse) for the first time in many decades. ACT, the Brazilian NGO Kanindé, the Instituto Internacional de Educação do Brasil, and USAID supported the construction of the maloca as well as the first traditional festival that the Diahui have held in almost half a century, taking place in the third week of August. They danced, sang and played their flutes for two days straight. All food and dress was traditional. It was quite an experience being part of this ceremony.

Until the mid-1990's, just a few Diahui remained and lived spread out in other tribal villages or even the city. Thanks to the leadership of one Diahui, they were able to reconstitute their community and gain territorial recognition. Today, there are approximately 70 Diahui who live in one village on their traditional lands.

New Central Maloca

The Trans-Amazon Highway (Porto Velho-Santarem-Belem) passes straight through their village, and they have set up a toll booth to collect fees from passing trucks and cars to compensate the community for the road and its impacts. The impact of the road and access to the outside world has in many ways been disastrous, but these people really have pulled back from the brink. Today, they have a functioning association, which is receiving independent funding as well as support from Kanindé and the Moore Foundation, and they are implementing a diagnostic survey implemented jointly by Kanindé and ACT, a cultural mapping project (idem), a vigilance plan and park guard training all funded by USAID.  The Diahui also wish to commence a REDD carbon project in the near future.

I have included a photo that was taken off a bridge from the Trans-Amazon Highway on the way to the Diahui lands. This photograph is of a member of the Piraha tribe, which is still nomadic, speaks almost no Portuguese and who live close to the road and the Diahui. This tribe was almost wiped out by missionaries and has fought to retain their culture and nomadic lifestyle.

Vasco van Roosmalen
ACT Brazil Program Director

Belo Monte Dam Complex

Since 1999, ACT has supported the tribes of Brazil’s 6.5-million acre Xingu Indigenous Reserve in their efforts to formulate land management plans and to acquire the necessary technical and administrative skills to assume full responsibility for their conservation and sustainable development activities. Recently, international attention has been drawn to the region due to the likely highly negative impacts of the proposed Belo Monte Dam Complex on the Xingu’s people and ecology. To understand why this matter is of such great urgency, watch the new Google Earth tour and YouTube video “Defending the Rivers of the Amazon” by Amazon Watch and International Rivers.